Rotary volumetric apparatus



A ril 17, 1962 M. FRAGER ETAL ROTARY VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 9, 1955 ii V FIG.6

I/VI/EA/TORS: MICHEL FFHGER /-//vm MEN/mp FIG.3

A ril 17, 1962 M. FRAGER ETAL 3,029,741

ROTARY VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS Filed March 9, 1955 A 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 MICHEL FQHGER f/EA/A MENHRD.

April 1962 M. FRAGER ETAL' 3,029,741

ROTARY VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS Filed'March 9, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 i FIG.I2 .ZWI/EMTOHQ i v/7/cA/L FRHGER HEA/A Mam/81 V The present invention relates to rotary fluid pumps or motors its object being to provide an improved construction the features of which will be apparent from the following description.

According to the present invention, a rotary fluid pump comprises a stator having an internal chamber with parallel end walls and inlet and outlet openings in at least one of said end walls, two bearing means disposed in the stator chamber and having their axes spaced and parallel and normal to the end walls of the chamber, two couplers in the chamber carried rotatably one on each of the bearing means, a rotor disposed in the stator chamber forming a sliding seal with the end walls so as to open and close the valve openings from time to time as the rotor moves in the chamber, said rotor being an approximately oval body with part-circular ends and having a shorter transverse axis and a longer longitudinal axis at right angles and both said axes lying in a plane parallel to the plane of movement of the rotor, said rotor having parallel to its transverse axis firstpassage means in which one said coupler is slidable, said rotor having parallel to its longitudinal axis second passage means in which the other coupler is slidable, the

internal periphery of the stator being shaped such that it has sliding contact with the part-circular ends of the rotor for the whole of the rotation of the rotor, whereby the rotor defines in the stator chamber two swept volumes which increase and decrease alternatively in size as the rotor rotates.

In a preferred embodiment the rotor comprises an oval ring-like member having a first opposed pair of radial bores with their axes disposed on the transverse axis of the rotor, and a second pair of radial bores with their axes disposed on the longitudinal axis of the central plane of the rotor, a first coupler member having opposed radial journals slidably engaged in the first pair of bores and rotatable about the axis of symmetry of the internal periphery of the stator, and a second coupler member having opposed radial journals slidably engaged in the second pair of bores and rotatable about an axis parallel to but spaced from the said axis of symmetry.

Conveniently the first coupler member is carried on a shaft rotatable about the axis of symmetry of the stator and with its journals radial to said shaft, and the second coupler member is a sleeve with radial journals, said sleeve being spaced about the shaft of the first coupler member and apertured to receive the journals of the first coupler therethrough, said sleeve being rotatable, about the second axis, on bearings carried by the end walls of the stator.

One or more valve ports may be disposed in one or both of theend walls of the stator and adapted to be opened and closed by the rotor.

' The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example an embodiment of the invention.

In these drawings:

FIG. 1 shows the rotor in perspective view with part cut away.

FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 represent diagrammatically successive positions of the rotor and stator during operation. 1

FIGS. 5 and 6 show diagrammatically further fea tures of the apparatus.

FIG. 7 shows in perspective a first modified coupler.

FIG. 8 shows in perspective a second modified coupler.

FIG. 9 shows the couplers of FIGS. 7 and 8 assembled.

FIG. 10 is a central vertical section of the apparatus as a whole, taken in a plane parallel'to the axes of the' two shafts.

FIG. 11 is a central vertical section of the apparatus as a whole, taken in another plane normal to the axes of the two shafts.

FIGURE 12 is an axially longitudinal cross-section taken on the line XII-XII of FIG. 11.

The apparatus comprises a rotor 1 with a central aperture 2 and'including radial bores 3, 4, 5 and 6, In these radial bores slide. journals 7, 8,9 and 10 mounted as opposed pairs on blocks 11 and 12 disposed at right angles and carried respectively by the driving or driven shafts .13 and 14 whose axes of rotation are parallel. Each block with its two journals constitutes a coupler, and the pairs of journals are radial to their respective shafts.

The four radial bores of the rotor, whose longitudinal axes are situated in the central radial plane of the latter are all at 90 to each other. They thus coincide with the symmetrical central longitudinal axes of the journals 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the rotor. The rotor is dis posed in the stator 15 which has a very slight oval shape so little removed from a true circle as not to be illustratable in the drawing of this scale.

cal, and is displaced as a whole towards the left by the journals 9, 10 disposed along its longitudinal axis. It defines in the stator two volumes 19, 20 delimited 'by the faces 21, 22 of the rotor and two contact generatrices 23, and 24 inside the stator. is greater than the volume 19.

In FIG. 3 the rotor has moved through a quarter of a revolution anti-clockwise and has its longitudinal axis horizontal, in the symmetrical plane X-Y of the apparatus (plane of the axes of rotation 16, 16' of the shafts 13, 14), the altered volumes 19a and 20a being now delimited by the'faces 21 and 22 of the generatrices 17 and 18, and being identical.

In FIGURE 4, the rotor has completed a half revolution and has been brought back towards the left by the journals disposed on its longitudinal axis; the volumes are still delimited by the faces 21 and 22 but theicontact generatrices are in this case 25 and 26; in other words the original volume 20 in FIG. 2 has become the volume 19b and the volume 19 has become the volume 201;. It is thus possible to utilize this change of volume to provide hydraulic pumps or motors (FIG. 5). For this purpose, the plane end walls of the stator have symmetrical ports 27, 28 (FIG. 5) which are masked by the rotor when the latter is in the position in which its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the symmetrical plane X- Y.

Compensation for change in the volume during the The volume 20 3 times of closure of the ports 27, 28 is provided by channels 29 and 30, FiG. 6, in communication with the opposed pair of radial bores 3, 5 in which the journals 9 and move.

Referring to the construction shown in detail in FIG. 1, and the operative positions of which are illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, the operation, of the device, considered for example as a motor-driven pump, is as follows:

The shafts 13 and 14 are mounted in fixed bearings in the plane parallel end walls of the stator. These shafts can rotate about their own axes, but cannot move radially or longitudinally. Each of the shafts 13 and 14 is coupled (for rotation) to the rotor 1 respectively by pairs 9, 10 and 7, 8 of journals seated in the radial bores in the rotor. These pairs of journals may be considered as being spokes of a wheel. Thus, ignoring for the present the' shaft 14 and its journals 7 and 8, the shaft 13 in rotating will drive the rotor 1 in rotation also. It will be apparent that the journals 9, 10 of the shaft 13 can also slide radially with respect to the rotor 1. Thus, although the rotor must conform to the. movement of the shaft 13 so far as rotation is concerned, it is not obliged to rotate symmetrically about theaxis of the shaft 13, but can move into eccentric positions, within the limits of sliding of the journals 9, 10 in their bores 3 and 5.

Considering now the shaft 14 with its journals 7, 8 and ignoring for the present the other shaft 13 and its journals 9, 10 it willbe seen that the same conditions apply, viz. thatthe journals 7, 8 are equivalent to spokes for the rotor but the rotor can also move into eccentric positions with respect to the axis of the shaft 14, within the, limits of sliding of the journals 7, 8 in their bores 4 and 6 of the rotor.

It will be apparent that the shafts 13. and 14 and their associated journals have a main function of defining, at every point of rotation of the rotor, the position in space of the rotor with respect to the axes of the .two shafts 13 and 14. The rotor could be made to rotate in any of three ways, e.g. (I) by having driving means acting directly on the body of the rotor itself, although such would be an awkward arrangement because of the pattern of movement of the rotor, or (II) by driving one of the shafts 13, 14 in rotation, the rotor itself then transmitting the rotary motion to the other of the shafts, or (III) by driving both of the shafts 13, 14 in rotation at the same speed. Irrespective of the manner of driving of the rotor, its path in accordance with a the movements imposed on it by connection to the shafts 13, 14 will be the same. This path is seen in FIG. 2

to 5. In these figures, the rotor is assumed to berturning anti-clockwise and the axes of rotation of the shafts 13 and 14 of FIG. 1 are. represented by fixed points 16 and 16 respectively. Whilst'rotating withinthe stator, the rotor is always almost in sliding contact with the internal surface of the stator at two spaced lines of contact which are, according to the position of rotation of the rotor, either at or near the ends of the longer axis of symmetry of the rotor. Thus, the rotor always defines, in the stator, two spaces 19 and 20 which vary regularly in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor from being one smaller than the other, then equal in volume, and then the one larger than the other. The sum of the volumes 19, 2t) and that of the rotor itself always adds up to the volume of the stator chamber.

Referring to FIG. 5 there are illustrated an inlet port 27 and an outlet port 28. It will be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4 that the space 19 is always tending to' increase in volume as rotation continues, whilst the space 20 is tending to decrease in volume. Thus, when the rotor has moved far enough from the position of FIG. 2 to uncover the inlet port 27 the partial vacuum in the (enlarged) space 19 will draw in fluid for pumping As the rotor approaches the position of FIG. 4, the inlet port 27 will again be closed. Similarly, the space 20,

FIG. 1, which may be assumed to be full of inducted fluid will tend to decrease in volume, as the rotor moves anti-clockwise from the position of FIG. 2, and fluid will be forced out of the outlet port 28. Accordingly, for each completed rotation of the rotor, two portions of fluid will have been forced successively out of diminishing spaces 2% and twoportions of fresh fluid will have been drawn into increasing spaces 19.

It will be appreciated that there will be a short portion of the total rotation of the rotor during which both of the ports 27, 28 are entirely closed by the rotor, whilst nevertheless the space 19 is increasing in volume and the space 20 is decreasing. As the pumped fluid may be incompressible, it is necessary to provide means to compensate for this reduction of the volume 26, Le. to accommodate elsewhere the excess of fluid occurring in the diminishing volume 26 whilst the outlet port is momentarily closed. For this purpose there are provided passages 29, 36 leading from the surface of the rotor to two opposite bores 4, 6 ofthe rotor on the latters longer axis. The size of the bores is so arranged that the longitudinal movement of one of the journals 7, 8 therein whilst said short obturating portion of the rotation occurs, compensates for the decrease in the volume occurring in the space 20 to which the respective bore is connected.

With the modified construction of. couplers shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, the motion of the rotor (not shown) would be identical, but instead of having two couplers, each with a pair of journals mounted on two shafts (13, 14), only the coupler 37 is mounted on the shaft 38, the other coupler being a sleeve 39 rotating about a spaced parallel axis by virtue of being carried on bearings 50, 51 on short shafts 46, 47 mounted on the end walls 48, 49 of the stator.

The pairs of journals 40, 41-and 42, 43 perform an identical movement to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

We claim: a

1. A rotary fluid pump comprising a stator having an internal chamber with parallel end Walls and inlet and outlet valve openings in .at least one of said walls, two bearing means rotatable disposed in the stator chamber and having their axes spaced and parallel and normal to the end walls of the chamber, two couplers in the chamber carried one on each of the bearing means and each consisting of a pair of diametrically-opposed spaced journals, a rotor disposed in the stator chamber and having parallel end walls forming a sliding seal with the parallel end walls of the stator, said rotor being a symmetrical and approximately oval body with a shorter transverse axis and a longer longitudinal axis at right angles and both of said axes lying in a plane parallel to the plane of movement of the rotor, the longitudinally separated ends being part-circular, said rotor having parallel to its transverse axis a first pair of aligned diametrically-opposed passages in which the journals of one said coupler are slidable, said rotor having parallel to its longitudinal axis a second pair of aligned diametrically-opposed passages in which the journals of the other coupler are slidable, the internal wall of the stator being shaped as an oval and the shape of the rotor being such that the extremities of the longer longitudinal axis are constantly in contact with the internal wall of the stator, said rotor defining in the stator two swept volumes which'increase and decrease alternately in size as the rotor rotates, and the valve openings of the stator being diametrically spaced therein so as to be opened and closed from time to time by the rotor as it rotates in the stator.

2. A rotary fluid pump, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the journals of one coupler are mounted on a driving shaft journalled in the end walls of the stator chamber, two cylindrical bearing bosses being mounted one on each of the end walls in corresponding position and with their axis parallel to and spaced from the axis of 5 the driving shaft, the pair of journals of the other coupier being mounted on a sleeve which is journalied on said bosses and through which the driving shaft passes.

6 Planche July 19, 1927 Davis et a1 May 16, 1933 Leonard Mar. 31, 1942 Candor Feb. 28, 1950 Bruckr nann June 1, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS Switzerland July 1, 1924 Great Britain Apr. 26, 1928 

